Prostate Center Paris
What is a large prostate?
Enlarged prostate, also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), is a common condition in aging men. This non-cancerous condition can cause bothersome urinary symptoms and affect quality of life. This article explores the causes, symptoms and particular focus on embolization, a modern and effective method of treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland. The prostate surrounds the urethra, and when it enlarges, it can compress the urethra and impede the flow of urine. This condition is common in men over 50.
Causes of enlarged prostate
The exact cause of BPH is unknown, but several factors may contribute to its development:
Hormonal changes: The imbalance between testosterone and estrogen levels can promote prostate growth.
Ageing: The risk of BPH increases with age. Almost 50 % of men over 60 and up to 90 % of men over 80 are affected.
Genetic factors: A family history of BPH may increase the risk of developing this condition.
Lifestyle: Obesity, lack of exercise and a diet rich in saturated fats can also play a role.
Diagnosis of BPH
The diagnosis of BPH is based on several examinations and tests:
– Medical history and physical examination The doctor gathers information on symptoms and performs a digital rectal examination to assess the size and consistency of the prostate.
– Urinalysis To eliminate urinary tract infections and similar conditions.
– Urine flow tests To measure the strength and volume of urine flow.
– Transrectal ultrasound To visualize the prostate and assess its volume.
– Blood tests In particular, PSA (prostate-specific antigen) testing to help rule out prostate cancer.
– Further tests Urological examinations, such as urography or cystoscopy, may be required for further evaluation.
Symptoms of prostatitis
Symptoms of enlarged prostate
Symptoms of BPH vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include:
Urinary Obstructive Symptoms:
Difficulty starting to urinate.
Weak or interrupted urine stream.
Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying.
Need to push to urinate.
Irritative symptoms :
- Frequent and urgent need to urinate.
- Nycturia (need to get up several times a night to urinate).
- Urinary incontinence.
- Urinary retention (inability to empty the bladder completely).
These symptoms can significantly affect quality of life, leading to sleep disorders, anxiety and reduced daily productivity.
Prostate embolization treatment
What is embolization?
Embolization is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat a variety of conditions, including prostate disorders. It involves partially blocking the blood supply to the prostate, thereby reducing its volume and inflammation. This method is particularly useful for BPH patients who do not respond well to medication, or who are looking for an alternative to traditional surgery.
How is embolization performed?
The prostate embolization procedure is performed by an interventional radiologist. The main steps are as follows:
Preparation The patient receives light sedation and local anesthesia.
Vascular access A small incision is made in the femoral artery (at groin level) to insert a catheter.
Guiding and embolization Under radiological guidance, the catheter is directed into the prostatic arteries. Small embolic particles are then injected to partially block blood flow to the prostate.
Finalization Once embolization has been performed, the catheter is removed and the incision is closed.
Advantages of embolization
Mini-invasive No large incisions, which reduces the risk of complications and promotes rapid recovery.
Efficient Significant reduction in prostate volume and improvement in urinary symptoms.
Security Less risk of side effects than traditional surgical treatments.
Prostate embolization offers several advantages over other BPH treatments. It is less invasive than traditional surgery, which means faster recovery and less post-operative pain. What's more, the procedure effectively treats symptoms without the risks associated with long-term medication.
Risks and side effects
Like any medical procedure, embolization carries risks, although these are rare. Side effects may include mild to moderate pain at the incision site, bruising, or temporary flu-like symptoms. It is essential to discuss the risks and benefits with a healthcare professional before choosing this option.
Side effects are generally mild and transient. Most patients can resume their normal activities within a few days of the procedure. Serious risks, such as infections or allergic reactions to embolic materials, are extremely rare.
Prevention
Although it is difficult to prevent BPH completely, certain measures can help reduce the risk or slow its progression:
Maintaining a healthy weight Obesity is a risk factor for BPH.
Adopt a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains and low in saturated fats.
Regular exercise Physical activity can help prevent BPH.
Reduce caffeine and alcohol consumption These substances can irritate the bladder and aggravate urinary symptoms.
Limit liquids in the evening To reduce nocturia.
In addition to these measures, it's important to be vigilant about BPH symptoms, and to consult a doctor as soon as they appear. Early detection means more effective management.
Prostate embolization represents a significant advance in the treatment of prostate disorders, offering an effective, minimally invasive option for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Understanding the causes, symptoms and treatment options for BPH, including embolization, can help men manage this condition more effectively.
By adopting a healthy lifestyle and being informed about treatment options such as embolization, men can better manage their prostate health and maintain a good quality of life even as they age.
